UPSC Online Books and E-books | Sosin IAS Academy

@keyframes react-spinners-BarLoader-long { 0% { left: -35%; right: 100%; } 60% { left: 100%; right: -90%; } 100% { left: 100%; right: -90%; } }@keyframes react-spinners-BarLoader-short { 0% { left: -200%; right: 100%; } 60% { left: 107%; right: -8%; } 100% { left: 107%; right: -8%; } } .MuiTouchRipple-root { top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 0; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; border-radius: inherit; pointer-events: none; } .MuiTouchRipple-ripple { opacity: 0; position: absolute; } .MuiTouchRipple-rippleVisible { opacity: 0.3; animation: MuiTouchRipple-keyframes-enter 550ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1); transform: scale(1); } .MuiTouchRipple-ripplePulsate { animation-duration: 200ms; } .MuiTouchRipple-child { width: 100%; height: 100%; display: block; opacity: 1; border-radius: 50%; background-color: currentColor; } .MuiTouchRipple-childLeaving { opacity: 0; animation: MuiTouchRipple-keyframes-exit 550ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1); } .MuiTouchRipple-childPulsate { top: 0; left: 0; position: absolute; animation: MuiTouchRipple-keyframes-pulsate 2500ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 200ms infinite; } @-webkit-keyframes MuiTouchRipple-keyframes-enter { 0% { opacity: 0.1; transform: scale(0); } 100% { opacity: 0.3; transform: scale(1); } } @-webkit-keyframes MuiTouchRipple-keyframes-exit { 0% { opacity: 1; } 100% { opacity: 0; } } @-webkit-keyframes MuiTouchRipple-keyframes-pulsate { 0% { transform: scale(1); } 50% { transform: scale(0.92); } 100% { transform: scale(1); } } .MuiButtonBase-root { color: inherit; border: 0; cursor: pointer; margin: 0; display: inline-flex; outline: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; align-items: center; user-select: none; border-radius: 0; vertical-align: middle; -moz-appearance: none; justify-content: center; text-decoration: none; background-color: transparent; -webkit-appearance: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; } .MuiButtonBase-root::-moz-focus-inner { border-style: none; } .MuiButtonBase-root.Mui-disabled { cursor: default; pointer-events: none; } @media print { .MuiButtonBase-root { -webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; } } .MuiButton-root { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); padding: 6px 16px; font-size: 0.875rem; min-width: 64px; box-sizing: border-box; transition: background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.75; border-radius: 4px; letter-spacing: 0.02857em; text-transform: uppercase; } .MuiButton-root:hover { text-decoration: none; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04); } .MuiButton-root.Mui-disabled { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26); } @media (hover: none) { .MuiButton-root:hover { background-color: transparent; } } .MuiButton-root:hover.Mui-disabled { background-color: transparent; } .MuiButton-label { width: 100%; display: inherit; align-items: inherit; justify-content: inherit; } .MuiButton-text { padding: 6px 8px; } .MuiButton-textPrimary { color: #3f51b5; } .MuiButton-textPrimary:hover { background-color: rgba(63, 81, 181, 0.04); } @media (hover: none) { .MuiButton-textPrimary:hover { background-color: transparent; } } .MuiButton-textSecondary { color: #f50057; } .MuiButton-textSecondary:hover { background-color: rgba(245, 0, 87, 0.04); } @media (hover: none) { .MuiButton-textSecondary:hover { background-color: transparent; } } .MuiButton-outlined { border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); padding: 5px 15px; } .MuiButton-outlined.Mui-disabled { border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12); } .MuiButton-outlinedPrimary { color: #3f51b5; border: 1px solid rgba(63, 81, 181, 0.5); } .MuiButton-outlinedPrimary:hover { border: 1px solid #3f51b5; background-color: rgba(63, 81, 181, 0.04); } @media (hover: none) { .MuiButton-outlinedPrimary:hover { background-color: transparent; } } .MuiButton-outlinedSecondary { color: #f50057; border: 1px solid rgba(245, 0, 87, 0.5); } .MuiButton-outlinedSecondary:hover { border: 1px solid #f50057; background-color: rgba(245, 0, 87, 0.04); } .MuiButton-outlinedSecondary.Mui-disabled { border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26); } @media (hover: none) { .MuiButton-outlinedSecondary:hover { background-color: transparent; } } .MuiButton-contained { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); box-shadow: 0px 3px 1px -2px rgba(0,0,0,0.2),0px 2px 2px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.14),0px 1px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.12); background-color: #e0e0e0; } .MuiButton-contained:hover { box-shadow: 0px 2px 4px -1px rgba(0,0,0,0.2),0px 4px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.14),0px 1px 10px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.12); background-color: #d5d5d5; } .MuiButton-contained.Mui-focusVisible { box-shadow: 0px 3px 5px -1px rgba(0,0,0,0.2),0px 6px 10px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.14),0px 1px 18px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.12); } .MuiButton-contained:active { box-shadow: 0px 5px 5px -3px rgba(0,0,0,0.2),0px 8px 10px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.14),0px 3px 14px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.12); } .MuiButton-contained.Mui-disabled { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26); box-shadow: none; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12); } @media (hover: none) { .MuiButton-contained:hover { box-shadow: 0px 3px 1px -2px rgba(0,0,0,0.2),0px 2px 2px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.14),0px 1px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.12); background-color: #e0e0e0; } } .MuiButton-contained:hover.Mui-disabled { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12); } .MuiButton-containedPrimary { color: #fff; background-color: #3f51b5; } .MuiButton-containedPrimary:hover { background-color: #303f9f; } @media (hover: none) { .MuiButton-containedPrimary:hover { background-color: #3f51b5; } } .MuiButton-containedSecondary { color: #fff; background-color: #f50057; } .MuiButton-containedSecondary:hover { background-color: #c51162; } @media (hover: none) { .MuiButton-containedSecondary:hover { background-color: #f50057; } } .MuiButton-disableElevation { box-shadow: none; } .MuiButton-disableElevation:hover { box-shadow: none; } .MuiButton-disableElevation.Mui-focusVisible { box-shadow: none; } .MuiButton-disableElevation:active { box-shadow: none; } .MuiButton-disableElevation.Mui-disabled { box-shadow: none; } .MuiButton-colorInherit { color: inherit; border-color: currentColor; } .MuiButton-textSizeSmall { padding: 4px 5px; font-size: 0.8125rem; } .MuiButton-textSizeLarge { padding: 8px 11px; font-size: 0.9375rem; } .MuiButton-outlinedSizeSmall { padding: 3px 9px; font-size: 0.8125rem; } .MuiButton-outlinedSizeLarge { padding: 7px 21px; font-size: 0.9375rem; } .MuiButton-containedSizeSmall { padding: 4px 10px; font-size: 0.8125rem; } .MuiButton-containedSizeLarge { padding: 8px 22px; font-size: 0.9375rem; } .MuiButton-fullWidth { width: 100%; } .MuiButton-startIcon { display: inherit; margin-left: -4px; margin-right: 8px; } .MuiButton-startIcon.MuiButton-iconSizeSmall { margin-left: -2px; } .MuiButton-endIcon { display: inherit; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: -4px; } .MuiButton-endIcon.MuiButton-iconSizeSmall { margin-right: -2px; } .MuiButton-iconSizeSmall > *:first-child { font-size: 18px; } .MuiButton-iconSizeMedium > *:first-child { font-size: 20px; } .MuiButton-iconSizeLarge > *:first-child { font-size: 22px; } .MuiTypography-root { margin: 0; } .MuiTypography-body2 { font-size: 0.875rem; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.43; letter-spacing: 0.01071em; } .MuiTypography-body1 { font-size: 1rem; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.5; letter-spacing: 0.00938em; } .MuiTypography-caption { font-size: 0.75rem; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.66; letter-spacing: 0.03333em; } .MuiTypography-button { font-size: 0.875rem; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.75; letter-spacing: 0.02857em; text-transform: uppercase; } .MuiTypography-h1 { font-size: 6rem; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.167; letter-spacing: -0.01562em; } .MuiTypography-h2 { font-size: 3.75rem; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.2; letter-spacing: -0.00833em; } .MuiTypography-h3 { font-size: 3rem; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.167; letter-spacing: 0em; } .MuiTypography-h4 { font-size: 2.125rem; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.235; letter-spacing: 0.00735em; } .MuiTypography-h5 { font-size: 1.5rem; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.334; letter-spacing: 0em; } .MuiTypography-h6 { font-size: 1.25rem; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.6; letter-spacing: 0.0075em; } .MuiTypography-subtitle1 { font-size: 1rem; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.75; letter-spacing: 0.00938em; } .MuiTypography-subtitle2 { font-size: 0.875rem; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.57; letter-spacing: 0.00714em; } .MuiTypography-overline { font-size: 0.75rem; font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif; font-weight: 400; line-height: 2.66; letter-spacing: 0.08333em; text-transform: uppercase; } .MuiTypography-srOnly { width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; } .MuiTypography-alignLeft { text-align: left; } .MuiTypography-alignCenter { text-align: center; } .MuiTypography-alignRight { text-align: right; } .MuiTypography-alignJustify { text-align: justify; } .MuiTypography-noWrap { overflow: hidden; white-space: nowrap; text-overflow: ellipsis; } .MuiTypography-gutterBottom { margin-bottom: 0.35em; } .MuiTypography-paragraph { margin-bottom: 16px; } .MuiTypography-colorInherit { color: inherit; } .MuiTypography-colorPrimary { color: #3f51b5; } .MuiTypography-colorSecondary { color: #f50057; } .MuiTypography-colorTextPrimary { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); } .MuiTypography-colorTextSecondary { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54); } .MuiTypography-colorError { color: #f44336; } .MuiTypography-displayInline { display: inline; } .MuiTypography-displayBlock { display: block; } .MuiLink-underlineNone { text-decoration: none; } .MuiLink-underlineHover { text-decoration: none; } .MuiLink-underlineHover:hover { text-decoration: underline; } .MuiLink-underlineAlways { text-decoration: underline; } .MuiLink-button { border: 0; cursor: pointer; margin: 0; outline: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; user-select: none; border-radius: 0; vertical-align: middle; -moz-appearance: none; background-color: transparent; -webkit-appearance: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; } .MuiLink-button::-moz-focus-inner { border-style: none; } .MuiLink-button.Mui-focusVisible { outline: auto; } @-webkit-keyframes mui-auto-fill { 0% { display: block; } } @keyframes mui-auto-fill { 0% { display: block; } } @-webkit-keyframes mui-auto-fill-cancel { 0% { display: block; } } @keyframes mui-auto-fill-cancel { 0% { display: block; } }.css-1q85uro { padding-top: calc(104px); -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex-grow: 1; } .css-9l3uo3 { margin: 0px; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 400; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; letter-spacing: 0.00938em; } .css-1qgm345 { display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; background-color: white; border-radius: 8px; overflow: hidden; max-width: 400px; width: 100%; margin-top: 0px; } .css-feqhe6 { display: inline-flex; flex-direction: column; position: relative; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 100%; } .css-1bp1ao6 { font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 400; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.4375em; letter-spacing: 0.00938em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); box-sizing: border-box; cursor: text; display: inline-flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; width: 100%; position: relative; border-radius: 4px; } .css-1bp1ao6.Mui-disabled { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.38); cursor: default; } .css-1bp1ao6:hover .MuiOutlinedInput-notchedOutline { border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); } @media (hover: none) { .css-1bp1ao6:hover .MuiOutlinedInput-notchedOutline { border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); } } .css-1bp1ao6.Mui-focused .MuiOutlinedInput-notchedOutline { border-color: rgb(25, 118, 210); border-width: 2px; } .css-1bp1ao6.Mui-error .MuiOutlinedInput-notchedOutline { border-color: rgb(211, 47, 47); } .css-1bp1ao6.Mui-disabled .MuiOutlinedInput-notchedOutline { border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26); } .css-1x5jdmq { font: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; color: currentcolor; border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; background: none; height: 1.4375em; margin: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; display: block; min-width: 0px; width: 100%; animation-name: mui-auto-fill-cancel; animation-duration: 10ms; padding: 16.5px 14px; } .css-1x5jdmq::-webkit-input-placeholder { color: currentcolor; opacity: 0.42; transition: opacity 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1); } .css-1x5jdmq:focus { outline: 0px; } .css-1x5jdmq:invalid { box-shadow: none; } .css-1x5jdmq::-webkit-search-decoration { appearance: none; } label[data-shrink="false"] + .MuiInputBase-formControl .css-1x5jdmq::-webkit-input-placeholder { opacity: 0 !important; } label[data-shrink="false"] + .MuiInputBase-formControl .css-1x5jdmq:focus::-webkit-input-placeholder { opacity: 0.42; } .css-1x5jdmq.Mui-disabled { opacity: 1; -webkit-text-fill-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.38); } .css-1x5jdmq:-webkit-autofill { animation-duration: 5000s; animation-name: mui-auto-fill; } .css-1x5jdmq:-webkit-autofill { border-radius: inherit; } .css-19w1uun { border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); } .css-igs3ac { text-align: left; position: absolute; inset: -5px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; pointer-events: none; border-radius: inherit; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; overflow: hidden; min-width: 0%; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); } .css-ihdtdm { float: unset; width: auto; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; line-height: 11px; transition: width 150ms cubic-bezier(0, 0, 0.2, 1); }@keyframes rzp-rot { 100% { transform: rotate(360deg); } } @-webkit-keyframes rzp-rot { 100% { transform: rotate(360deg); } } .razorpay-container > iframe { min-height: 100% !important; } .razorpay-checkout-frame.razorpay-mobile-layout { max-width: 450px !important; height: 90vh !important; min-height: 0px !important; max-height: 900px !important; position: fixed !important; top: 50% !important; left: 50% !important; transform: translate(-50%, -50%) !important; border-radius: 16px !important; overflow: hidden !important; } @media (max-width: 450px) { .razorpay-checkout-frame.razorpay-mobile-layout { max-width: 100% !important; width: 100% !important; height: 100% !important; max-height: 100% !important; top: 0px !important; left: 0px !important; transform: none !important; border-radius: 0px !important; } }

🌐Select Language:

SosinIAS

Reach Us:	H.No 1-10-196, Ashok Nagar X Roads, Near Union Bank of India, Hyderabad, 500020, Telangana, India.
Email:	info@sosinias.com
For Technical Support:	support@sosinias.com
Mobile:	+91 9989966744/9000036699
Find Us:	View on Google Maps

Company

About Us Help & Support Join Us Contact Us

Let's Stay in Touch

We’ll send you a news letter once per week. No spam

Terms and Conditions

Cookie Policy

Test Mode